VISTA uses a mixed-methods and design-based research approach to explore how VR-supported teaching can enhance climate-change awareness among lower-secondary students. The study is carried out in three phases, aligned with the five research questions and curriculum goals.

Phase 1 – Understanding the Context

• Scoping review of research and curriculum documents
• Focus group discussions with students and teachers
• Thematic analysis of current awareness, challenges and needs

Phase 2 – VR Co-Design & Development

• Design-based research approach
• Co-design of VR scenarios with teachers and experts
• Curriculum alignment & feedback from CICERO
• Prototype development and usability testing

Phase 3 – Classroom Implementation & Evaluation

• Quasi-experimental pilot studies (VR, regular teaching, control groups)
• Pre/post questionnaires, interviews and reflection data
• Analysis of impact and development of design principles for VR use in climate education

The methodology combines qualitative insight, collaborative design and classroom testing to create pedagogically grounded VR experiences that can be used in real schools.